蠕形蟎屬 目录 語源 物種 毛囊蠕形螨与皮脂腺蠕形螨 参考文獻 參看 导航菜单改善这篇條目Lecture XIX. ArachnidaEverything you never wanted to know about the mites that eat, crawl, and have sex on your faceDemodexOrder Trombidiformes Reuter, 1909Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness

蠕形蟎屬


見內文學名寄生螨类属哺乳动物亚种节肢动物人类毛囊蠕形螨皮脂腺蠕形螨皮肤疾病希臘語脂肪木蟲前氣門亞目EleutherengonaRaphignathina肉食蟎總科蠕形螨科毛囊蠕形蟎皮脂腺蠕形螨睫毛眉毛

































蠕形蟎屬

Haarbalgmilbe.jpg

科学分类 编辑
界：
动物界 Animalia
门：
节肢动物门 Arthropoda
演化支：
蛛形类 Arachnomorpha
亚门：
螯肢亚门 Chelicerata
纲：
蛛形纲 Arachnida
亚纲：
蜱蟎亞綱 Acari
總目：
蟎形總目 Acariformes
目：
恙蟎目 Trombidiformes
亚目：
前氣門亞目 Prostigmata
下目：
異氣門下目 Eleutherengonides
总科：
肉食蟎總科 Cheyletoidea
科：
蠕形蟎科 Demodicidae
属：
蠕形蟎屬 Demodex
歐文, 1843[1]

模式种

毛囊蠕形蟎
Simon, 1842

种

見內文



蠕形螨属（學名：Demodex），又称毛囊螨或毛囊虫，亦即俗称的“螨虫”，是小型寄生螨类的一個属。
常寄生于哺乳动物的毛囊内。目前已知蠕形螨有約65個種[2]，140多个亚种；它们都是最小的节肢动物。目前已知有两种寄生于人类：毛囊蠕形螨与皮脂腺蠕形螨，常被称作“睫毛螨”（eyelash mites）。蠕形螨的感染非常常见，几乎所有人类都有，患者一般也不会出现任何症状；蠕形螨偶尔会引发某些皮肤疾病。狗隻身上也有蟎蟲寄生。




目录





  • 1 語源


  • 2 物種


  • 3 毛囊蠕形螨与皮脂腺蠕形螨


  • 4 参考文獻


  • 5 參看




語源


蠕形蟎屬的學名Demodex源自希臘語的：dēmos（脂肪）＋dēx（木蟲）[3]。



物種


蠕形蟎屬是前氣門亞目Eleutherengona下目Raphignathina小目肉食蟎總科蠕形螨科之下七個屬之一[4]，包括下列各個物種：


  • Demodex aries

  • Demodex aurati


  • 皮脂腺蠕形螨 Demodex brevis


  • 牛蠕形螨 Demodex bovis

  • Demodex caballi


  • 犬蠕形螨 Demodex canis


  • 山羊蠕形螨 Demodex caprae


  • 猫蠕形螨 Demodex cati

  • Demodex cornei

  • Demodex criceti


  • 马蠕形螨 Demodex equi


  • 毛囊蠕形蟎 Demodex folliculorum

  • Demodex gapperi

  • Demodex gatoi

  • Demodex injai


  • 绵羊蠕形螨 Demodex ovis


  • 猪蠕形螨 Demodex phylloides

  • Demodex zalophi


毛囊蠕形螨与皮脂腺蠕形螨


毛囊蠕形蟎与皮脂腺蠕形螨是目前在人体上发现的唯一两种蠕形螨。毛囊蠕形螨在1842年由西蒙（Simon）率先详细描述；皮脂腺蠕形螨被Akbulatova分离出并加以识别。毛囊蠕形螨在毛囊内被发现，皮脂腺蠕形螨则寄生于连接毛囊的皮脂腺内。两种蠕形螨都在人脸上被发现——鼻部附近、睫毛与眉毛附近，他们也寄生在身体的其他部位上。


成年螨类大约只有0.3毫米到0.4毫米长，皮脂腺蠕形螨略微短于毛囊蠕形螨。[5]他们有着一个半透明伸长的身体。



参考文獻




  1. ^ Owen, [Richard]. Lecture XIX. Arachnida. Lectures on Comparative Anatomy. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. 1843: 252. 


  2. ^ Yong, Ed. Everything you never wanted to know about the mites that eat, crawl, and have sex on your face. Not Exactly Rocket Science. Discover. 2012-08-31 [2013-04-24] （英语）. 


  3. ^ Demodex. Medical Dictionary (medicine.academic.ru). 


  4. ^ Zhang, Zhi-Qiang; Fan, Qing-Hai; Pesic, Vladimir; Smit, Harry; Bochkov, Andre V.; Khaustov, A. A.; Baker, Anne; Wohltmann, Andreas; Wen, Tinghuan; Amrine, James W.; Beron, P.; Lin, Jianzhen; Gabrys, Grzegorz; Husband, Robert. Order Trombidiformes Reuter, 1909 (PDF). (编) Zhang, Z.-Q. Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa (Magnolia Press). 2011: 129–147. ISBN 9781869778491 （英语）. 


  5. ^ Rufli T, Mumcuoglu Y. "The hair follicle mites Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis: biology and medical importance. A review." Dermatologica. 1981;162(1):1-11. PMID 6453029



參看


  • 毛囊蟲病

  • 酒糟鼻


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