九象 目录 中象与八卦 九象与《道德经》 九象與九型 九象與九宫 参見 参考资料 导航菜单点击此处删除页面移除模板八卦九象和《老子》的創作方法、分章及章序_哲學縱橫_新法家网原始内容The I Ching or Book of Changes《道德经》的九象体系与创作灵感_騰訊道學_騰訊网

易经中国哲学符號道教宇宙論


八卦易經六十四卦六十四卦道德经老子九型伏羲The picture of the Nine-Images with special character





九象，是八卦與「中象」整合而成的一個系統。「九象」的順序是艮一、離二、巽三、坎四、兌五、中六、震七、乾八、坤九[1]。也有研究者將九象所代表者稱為九卦，將中象所代表者稱為氣卦[2]。






目录





  • 1 中象与八卦


  • 2 九象与《道德经》


  • 3 九象與九型


  • 4 九象與九宫


  • 5 参見


  • 6 参考资料




中象与八卦


「中象」代表不偏陰、不偏陽的事物，諸如中央、中間、中心、中立、不偏不倚、不進不退、恰到好處等等，而這些不能用八卦之一卦代表。因為八卦是由或者是陰或者是陽的三個爻構成的，每一卦或是偏陰（女）或是偏陽（男）[3]。


因為「中象」不能以三爻的方式畫出，所以在與八卦一起使用時就會有不匹配的情形。例如，《易經》是靠八卦中兩個單卦相疊而成六十四卦卦的。但如果按此法將包含「中象」的九象兩兩相疊，那麽，「中象」是無法與其它卦復合成一個新的卦的。也就是說無法如同得到六十四卦卦那樣得到八十一卦。但有研究者用陰陽合一的爻（氣爻）畫出「中象」的對應者「氣卦」，從而將包含氣卦的九卦（九象的對應者）兩兩上下相組合成八十一卦[2]。



九象与《道德经》


九象體系在《道德经》一書的創作過程中得到了使用。老子在創作《道德经》一書時所用到的九象體系是由九象中的兩個相同的或者不同的象以一左一右的方式構成的。按照排列組合計算，一共構成互不重復的81組象。而每組象與《道德经》81章中的一章的經文相關聯[4]。但有研究者認為《道德經》八十一章的內容對應的是九卦（九象的對應者）兩兩上下相組合成的八十一卦[2]。





九象與九型


「九象」与九型存有对应关系。九型或者九型人格中的第一至第九型分别與九象中的九个象在特質上相類似。艮象與第一型對應；離象與第二型對應；巽象與第三型對應；坎象與第四型對應；兌象與第五型對應；中象與第六型對應；震象與第七型對應；乾象與第八型對應；坤象與第九型對應[1]。





九象與九宫


八卦九宮體系中有九個宮，卻只有八個卦入住，中宮是空置的。在九象九宮體系中，九象是九宮之主。也就是說艮象是艮宮之主，離象是離宮之主，巽象是巽宮之主，坎象是坎宮之主，兌象是兌宮之主，中象是中宮之主，震象是震宮之主，乾象是乾宮之主，坤象是坤宮之主。沒有一個宮是空置的[1]。


「中象」不能用爻畫出，但是可以用特殊符號表示。


下圖是以代表陰、陽、氣三象之一的「氣象」（就是上述九卦中「氣爻」的對應者）的符號「☉」[5]代表「中象」，並與伏羲後天八卦圖[3]結合而成的一種九象圖（即後天九象圖）：



The picture of the Nine-Images with special character



参見




查询維基詞典中的九象。
  • 九宫

  • 老子

  • 道德经

  • 八卦

  • 九型人格

  • 伏羲

  • 易經


  • 太極、陰陽、六爻、六十四卦

  • 河圖洛書#洛书


参考资料




  1. ^ 1.01.11.2 八卦九象和《老子》的創作方法、分章及章序_哲學縱橫_新法家网. www.xinfajia.net. （原始内容存档于2019-02-22）. 


  2. ^ 2.02.12.2 鄭奎飛. 伏羲文明. 北京市: 團結出版社. 2016: 10–15. ISBN 9787512645431. 


  3. ^ 3.03.1 Wilhelm, Richard. The I Ching or Book of Changes. translated by Cary F. Baynes, forward by C. G. Jung, preface to 3rd ed. by Hellmut Wilhelm (1967). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 1950: 269–275. ISBN 069109750X. 


  4. ^ 《道德经》的九象体系与创作灵感_騰訊道學_騰訊网. www.rufodao.qq.com. 


  5. ^ 雷安平, 吳心源, 龍炳文. 《老子》與苗族九卦《易經》研究. 湖南湘潭: 湘潭大學出版社. 2015: 189. ISBN 7811288893. 








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